body: Center( 
   child: GestureDetector( 
      onTap: () { 
         _showDialog(context); 
      }, 
      child: Text( 'Hello World', ) 
   ) 
),

// user defined function void _showDialog(BuildContext context) { 
   // flutter defined function 
   showDialog( 
      context: context, builder: (BuildContext context) { 
         // return object of type Dialog
         return AlertDialog( 
            title: new Text("Message"), 
            content: new Text("Hello World"),   
            actions: <Widget>[ 
               new FlatButton( 
                  child: new Text("Close"),  
                  onPressed: () {   
                     Navigator.of(context).pop();  
                  }, 
               ), 
            ], 
         ); 
      }, 
   ); 
}

Complete code

import 'package:flutter/material.dart'; 
void main() => runApp(MyApp()); 

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget { 
   // This widget is the root of your application.    
   @override  
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
      return MaterialApp(
         title: 'Hello World Demo Application', 
         theme: ThemeData( primarySwatch: Colors.blue,), 
         home: MyHomePage(title: 'Home page'), 
      ); 
   }
}
class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget {
   MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key); 
   final String title; 
   
   // user defined function 
   void _showDialog(BuildContext context) { 
      // flutter defined function showDialog( 
         context: context, builder: (BuildContext context) { 
            // return object of type Dialog return AlertDialog(
               title: new Text("Message"), 
               content: new Text("Hello World"),   
               actions: <Widget>[
                  new FlatButton(
                     child: new Text("Close"), 
                     onPressed: () {   
                        Navigator.of(context).pop();  
                     }, 
                  ), 
               ],
            );
         },
      );
   }
   @override  
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
      return Scaffold(
         appBar: AppBar(title: Text(this.title),),
         body: Center(
            child: GestureDetector( 
               onTap: () {
                  _showDialog(context);
               },
            child: Text( 'Hello World', )
            )
         ),
      );
   }
}